According to the International Diabetes Federation's (IDF) Diabetes Atlas 2025, approximately 34.5 million Pakistanis aged between 20 and 79 were living with diabetes in 2024. With an age-adjusted prevalence rate of 31.4 per cent, Pakistan ranks first globally.
The report estimates that approximately 9.3 million diabetes patients in Pakistan remain undiagnosed, accounting for 26.9 per cent of the country's total diabetes cases.
If the current trend continues, the number of people living with diabetes in Pakistan could rise to 70.2 million by 2050, according to projections.
Experts say diabetes risk is not limited to consuming sweets and sugar. Everyday foods such as white rice, naan and roti made from refined flour can also contribute to elevated blood glucose levels.
Type 2 diabetes can develop among South Asian populations at a relatively younger age and lower body weight, meaning the risk is not limited to people who are overweight.
Medical experts emphasise that early screening is essential for preventing diabetes and ensuring timely diagnosis. Screening is recommended from the age of 35, while individuals with a family history of diabetes may need testing at an earlier age.
An HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over approximately three months. An HbA1c result of 6.5 per cent or higher indicates diabetes, while a result between 5.7 and 6.4 per cent indicates prediabetes.
With diabetes cases continuing to rise in Pakistan, early diagnosis, a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are essential to reducing the risk of the disease and its complications.
