According to Indian media, the law makes it a punishable offence to enter into a second marriage without legally ending the first. The bill was introduced on the very first day of the Assembly’s winter session, signalling the government’s intent to push the reform with unusual urgency.
Under the new provisions, anyone who conceals their first marriage or proceeds with a second one without proper legal dissolution may face up to 10 years in prison. Repeat offenders may receive double the punishment, creating what experts call a clear deterrent zone against polygamy.
The law also touches those who knowingly conduct such marriages. A person facilitating the ceremony could be fined up to ₹150,000, while anyone hiding essential information from authorities could face two years of imprisonment and a fine of up to ₹100,000.
Notably, the legislation will not apply to communities living in Sixth Schedule areas or to recognized tribal groups, acknowledging their distinct cultural practices.
Debate over the bill stretched for hours, with parties such as the Congress, AIUDF, CPI(M), and Raijor Dal offering several amendments. While Congress and Raijor Dal eventually withdrew their proposals after the Chief Minister’s assurances, AIUDF and CPI(M) held their ground and refused to retract their amendments.
Supporters of the bill argue that it creates a clear line of responsibility in marital relationships and offers women a reliable legal cushion against exploitation. Critics, however, warn that the law may require careful implementation to avoid misuse.
As the bill moves toward enforcement, Assam now stands as one of India’s most assertive states in regulating marital conduct, marking a moment that could reshape the social landscape for years to come.
